VS Code 开发环境配置（一）
简单记录一下如何在 VS Code 上配置 C/C++
写在前面
近来笔者更换了笔记本电脑，对着新电脑欣喜之余，突然发觉旧电脑上的一些开发环境（以 VS Code 为主）都需要重新配置，因此免不了一番折腾，尤其是在 CSDN 上屎里淘金的过程更是让人拍案叫绝。为了避免以后再被中文互联网上的垃圾恶心到，故综合各种教程帖子资料，撰此文以详细记录一下 Visual Studio Code 开发环境配置（Windows 10，x86_64 平台）的过程。
Visual Studio Code 的安装
前往 VS Code 官网 下载安装即可。不过值得一提的是，笔者这次下载的是能以管理员权限安装的 System Installer 版本，以免安装后每次启动都要右键选择 “以管理员身份运行”。
C/C++
1. 安装 c/c++ 编译器
-
下载并安装 MSYS2
-
在安装完成后的 MSYS2 命令行窗口界面中更新组件包：
1 2
pacman -Syu pacman -Su
-
安装 gcc：
1
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc -
安装 gdb：
1
pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb -
在 MSYS2 安装文件夹中找到
MSYS2 Install Folder/mingw64/bin文件夹，将其添加到系统环境变量； -
打开系统命令行窗口，验证安装：
1 2 3
gcc --version g++ --version gdb --version
如果一切顺利，将分别出现以下内容：
gcc (Rev1, Built by MSYS2 project) 14.2.0
g++ (Rev1, Built by MSYS2 project) 14.2.0
GNU gdb (GDB) 15.1
2. 配置 VS Code
-
在想要保存代码的文件夹（不应含有中文字符）中打开命令行窗口，输入：
1
code . -
在 VS Code 中搜索并安装以下扩展插件：
-
在工作目录中新建
.vscode文件夹，并在其中新建c_cpp_properties.json、launch.json、settings.json和tasks.json四个文件：-
c_cpp_properties.json：1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
{ "configurations": [ { "name": "Win64", "includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**"], "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"], "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0", "compilerPath": "g++.exe location, divided by '/', end with executable file", "cStandard": "c17", "cppStandard": "c++17", "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64" } ], "version": 4 }
其中，
complierPath的值为先前安装的 g++ 可执行文件路径：MSYS2 Install Folder/msys64/mingw64/bin/g++.exe -
launch.json：1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
{ "version": "0.2.0", "configurations": [ { "name": "(gdb) Launch", "type": "cppdbg", "request": "launch", "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", "args": [], "stopAtEntry": false, "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}", "environment": [], "externalConsole": true, "MIMode": "gdb", "miDebuggerPath": "gdb.exe location, divided by '\\', end with executable file", "preLaunchTask": "g++", "setupCommands": [ { "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb", "text": "-enable-pretty-printing", "ignoreFailures": true } ] }, { "name": "C/C++: g++.exe build and debug active file", "type": "cppdbg", "request": "launch", "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", "args": [], "stopAtEntry": false, "cwd": "path of bin folder in mingw, divided by '/', end without executable file", "environment": [], "externalConsole": false, "MIMode": "gdb", "miDebuggerPath": "gdb.exe location, divided by '\\', end with executable file", "setupCommands": [ { "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb", "text": "-enable-pretty-printing", "ignoreFailures": true }, { "description": "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel", "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel", "ignoreFailures": true } ], "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file" } ] }
其中，有几处值需要根据 c/c++ 编译器的实际安装情况做出调整：
（1）
miDebuggerPath：为 c/c++ 编译器中 gdb.exe 的位置：MSYS2 Install Folder\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe（2）
cwd：为 c/c++ 编译器中 bin 文件夹的路径：MSYS2 Install Folder/mingw64/bin -
settings.json：1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
{ "files.associations": { "*.py": "python", "iostream": "cpp", "*.tcc": "cpp", "string": "cpp", "unordered_map": "cpp", "vector": "cpp", "ostream": "cpp", "new": "cpp", "typeinfo": "cpp", "deque": "cpp", "initializer_list": "cpp", "iosfwd": "cpp", "fstream": "cpp", "sstream": "cpp", "map": "c", "stdio.h": "c", "algorithm": "cpp", "atomic": "cpp", "bit": "cpp", "cctype": "cpp", "clocale": "cpp", "cmath": "cpp", "compare": "cpp", "concepts": "cpp", "cstddef": "cpp", "cstdint": "cpp", "cstdio": "cpp", "cstdlib": "cpp", "cstring": "cpp", "ctime": "cpp", "cwchar": "cpp", "exception": "cpp", "ios": "cpp", "istream": "cpp", "iterator": "cpp", "limits": "cpp", "memory": "cpp", "random": "cpp", "set": "cpp", "stack": "cpp", "stdexcept": "cpp", "streambuf": "cpp", "system_error": "cpp", "tuple": "cpp", "type_traits": "cpp", "utility": "cpp", "xfacet": "cpp", "xiosbase": "cpp", "xlocale": "cpp", "xlocinfo": "cpp", "xlocnum": "cpp", "xmemory": "cpp", "xstddef": "cpp", "xstring": "cpp", "xtr1common": "cpp", "xtree": "cpp", "xutility": "cpp", "stdlib.h": "c", "string.h": "c" }, "editor.suggest.snippetsPreventQuickSuggestions": false, "aiXcoder.showTrayIcon": true }
-
tasks.json：1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
{ "version": "2.0.0", "tasks": [ { "label": "g++", "command": "g++", "args": [ "-g", "${file}", "-o", "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe" ], "problemMatcher": { "owner": "cpp", "fileLocation": [ "relative", "${workspaceRoot}" ], "pattern": { "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$", "file": 1, "line": 2, "column": 3, "severity": 4, "message": 5 } }, "group": "build" }, { "type": "cppbuild", "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file", "command": "g++.exe location, divided by '/', end with executable file", "args": [ "-fdiagnostics-color=always", "-g", "${file}", "-o", "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe" ], "options": { "cwd": "path of bin folder in mingw, divided by '/', end without executable file" }, "problemMatcher": [ "$gcc" ], "group": { "kind": "build", "isDefault": true }, "detail": "Task generated by Debugger." } ] }
其中，有几处值需要根据 c/c++ 编译器的实际安装情况做出调整：
（1）command：为 c/c++ 编译器中 g++.exe 的位置：
MSYS2 Install Folder/mingw64/bin/g++.exe（2）
cwd：为 c/c++ 编译器中 bin 文件夹的路径：MSYS2 Install Folder/mingw64/bin
-